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Ontology, Semantic
Technology, and Knowledge Society
EIS
ENCYCLOPEDIC INTELLIGENT SYSTEMS LTD
a pioneer of a new
line of the Knowledge
Society intellectual systems and reasoning technologies
The major commercial
objective of EIS Encyclopedic Intelligent Systems Limited Company (Director
Dr. Azamat Sh. Abdoullaev)
is to design, develop, and distribute the KNOWLEDGE SYSTEMS of ENCYCLOPEDIC
INTELLIGENCE driven by the World Modeling Framework (WMF). The WMF provides a
standard ontology language for large-scale intelligent semantics applications
such as the Real Semantic WWW replacing the formal semantic web based on the
Resource Description Framework and its formal ontology extensions. Having the
WMF-based unifying semantic frame as REALITY REPRESENTATION AND REASONING
(RRR) platform opens up an exciting variety of advanced information
technologies and computing knowledge applications:
The Real
Semantic Web;
Human
knowledge integration systems and semantic networks;
Generic reasoning
mechanisms and units;
World data
processing physical cognitive systems, from smart transducers and intelligent
sensors to all-purpose cosmic robonauts;
Natural language
understanding software packages;
Knowledge
intensive embedded reasoning systems;
Intelligent
content systems for the Internet, as online smart encyclopedias, catalogues,
taxonomies, vocabularies, and terminologies ;
Generic reasoning
platforms and intelligent search technology for the Semantic World Wide Web,
interactive home TV, etc.;
Encyclopedic
intelligent applications, as e-business smart technologies, global web
trading systems, forecasting business systems, business management e-consultancy,
etc.;
Integrated
intelligent solutions for e-Government, e-Learning, e-Science, e-Health, and
e-Business;
Business
intelligent technology providing generic industry solutions and autonomously
implementing commercial processes, activities, transactions, and trading
operations (e.g., logistic management systems, inventory management modules,
enterprise resource planning agents, export-import brokering agents, etc.)
Download the white paper: ONTOLOGY, INTELLECTUAL TECHNOLOGY,
AND KNOWLEDGE SOCIETY
Universal Standard
Entity Classification System (USECS)
(14,13 MB, Adobe Acrobat 7.0 Doc., see
the Product Description), TO BE ORDERED;
E-FORA ON
STANDARD UPPER ONTOLOGY, ONTAC, AND SEMANTIC WEB:
What is Ontology, Meaning, and Semantics
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Statement of
Purpose
The 2000 Lisbon European
Council set up a new strategic goal for the next decade, ‘to become the most
competitive and dynamic knowledge-based economy in the world’. Unlike the
industrial economies driven by traditional physical machines and mechanisms,
the knowledge economy is propelled with the advanced information and
communication technologies, which core is constituted by intellectual
technologies such as knowledge processing machines and semantic communication
systems. In order to lay down the knowledge infrastructures of the upcoming
Information Society the EU’s Research Council and
the European Parliament allocated 3.8 billion Euro for Information Society
Knowledge Technologies within the 6th European Union Framework Programme for Research and Technological Development,
with a budget of 17.5 billion Euro.
To further advance the goal of a
knowledge-based Europe, the European
Commission 7th Framework Programme for Research,
Technological Development and Demonstration is starting January 1st, 2007
till 2011 (CORDIS/FP7, http://www.cordis.lu/fp7).
To avoid bad misuses,
frauds, self-regulation, poor deliverables, or even no publication at
all allowed by 6th FP, the whole scientific research system in the
7th FP is planned to be overhauled: professional expertise and
advice, quality publications, monitoring and control,
trust, independent reviewing, ethical behavior, public transparency, and
financial audit. The whole FP 7th Budget amounts to 72 726 million
€, with the indicative breakdown for Cooperation - 44 432 million; Ideas - 11
862 million, People – 7129 million, and Capacities (research infrastructure)
– 7 486 million. For information and communications technologies (ICT)
programs, 12 670 million is apportioned. It is evident that a strategic
goal of a digital, knowledge-based society requires an intensive R&D of
ontology-based knowledge systems and intellectual technologies, directly
performed within the ICT programs and indirectly within other projects such
as New production Technologies - 4832 million; Security and Space - 3960,
Health - 8 312 (Building the Europe of Knowledge, 2006). And it is
an encouraging sign that the 7th Framework Programme
is planned to build on much better principles then the 6th FP.
First of all, it presupposes an abundant financing of individual
projects under the rubric 'Ideas' (as an investigator-driven
frontier research by individual teams, judged by a European Scientific
Council, though, the question may be raised, who will be in the Council?
To further avoid the fundamentally
wrong research projects involving ontological and semantic technology and
knowledge systems, the central (multi-billion) problem must be resolved: to
answer what is really going on as the intellectual
technologies, the semantic-based knowledge systems, and the semantic web, to understand their nature and real meaning.
Particularly, we must make out which web (or architectural
pillars) most fits the matter, the formal semantic web (i.e., the
syntactic web) or the real semantic web (the intelligent web), as in the web hierarchical
structure anchored in the real world environment via the ontological
groundwork:
<Global Intelligent Cyberspace, or
Real Semantic Web> :: = <Ontological Framework, WDF, or
RMF> <Semiotics> <the World
Wide Web, or the syntactic web>
<Ontological Framework> :: =
<Unified Framework Ontology, WDF, or RMF> <Upper Level
Ontologies> <Domain Ontologies>
<Semiotics> :: =
<Pragmatics> <Semantics> <Syntax>
<Pragmatics> :: = <Users>
<Web Agents> <Intentions> <Actions> <Communication>
< Proof>
<Trust> <Truth>
<Semantics> :: = <Signs, Data
Type, Natural Language Expressions> < Constructs> <Meanings>
<Syntax> :: = <Logical
Framework> <Rules> <OWL Ontology> <RDF Schema> <RDF
M&S>
< RDF> <XML/SGML>
<Namespaces>
<the Web> ::= <Resources, Representation,
Identification, URI, Unicode> <Interaction, Software
Agents, Hypertext links, Protocols,
HTTP> <Formats, HTML, XHTML>
WHO WE ARE
EIS Encyclopedic
Intelligent Systems was incorporated under the Company Law, Cap. 113 as a
Limited Liability Company in Nicosia, Cyprus, largely with a view to make
available the Information Society intelligent technologies and services for
persons, governments, businesses, institutions, and establishments. The
company started Mr Azamat Abdoullaev.
The lawyer and secretary of the company is Mr Adamos Adamou. The registered office of the company is
located at: Prodromou 29, Strovolos,
P.C. 2063, Nicosia,
Cyprus.
EIS Encyclopedic
Intelligent Systems Ltd is one of the first enterprises in the burgeoning knowledge
industry which is targeted to research, develop and manufacture a new class
of general intelligence technologies, applications, and services applied to a
wide variety of knowledge domains and spheres of human activity: education,
creation, commerce, industry, government, and personal life.
WHAT OUR OBJECTIVES ARE
 The basic commercial
objective of the company is to construct the Knowledge Society Ontological Technology,
intellectual systems and reasoning technologies, driven by the unified
framework ontology (UFO/RRR system) uniformly representing the major domains
of reality: natural (physical, chemical, biological), mental (psychological,
cognitive, conceptual), social (economic, political, cultural), and
informational (computing, virtual).
WHY WE SUCCEED
As any complex engineering
innovation necessitates both theoretical and empirical sciences, knowledge
systems and intelligent software require deep learning of abstract
mathematics, scientific concepts, computing science, and information
engineering. Unlike traditional physical innovations, the generic intelligent
applications postulate a formal representation of reality, dynamic modeling
of the basic features of the world, the unified representation of things,
technically named as (formal) ontology, the key conceptual solution for
artificial intelligence systems industry. As any effective computer program
is based on a descriptive model of targeted complex entities and processes,
the software world is a coded representation of the real world, where the
human-system interactions will be intermediated with such natural user
interfaces as human languages.
So, without the
unified conceptual modeling and integrated knowledge representation formalism,
neither computer technologist (IT developers and programming software
engineers) can build true reasoning software systems (packages, programs).
For such packages should be able to autonomously find solutions to complex
problems, support human decision making, predict the outcomes of collective
human actions, learn from examples, reason from general principles, provide
deep meaningful answers to questions, as well as help enterprises manage
knowledge assets and complexity, solve difficult problems and design new
devices and robotic machines.
After almost two
decades of scientific research and investigations, we managed to develop a
Computing Machine Intelligence Framework (CMIF) as a unified knowledge and
reasoning structure uniformly modeling the world things of diverse classes,
kinds, sorts, and levels from a single unifying position, view, and
perspective. Supported by the standard global ontology, the CMIF covers all
class-based representation formalisms used in software engineer, databases,
semantic web and artificial intelligence such as entity-relationship models
and diagrams, semantic networks and rule paradigms, UML class diagrams, and
OWL web ontology language. Being alone in its extent of representation and
mapping of real world structures, processes, and relations, the CMIF as a
Global Information Architecture for Encyclopedic Artificial Intelligence to
be popularized on the information technology market under the trade name of
the Virtual Aristotle.
As the all data
architecture and general schema of things, the common knowledge and reasoning
schema is copyrighted as a proprietary product, and evolved in several books,
mainly documented in the company’s conclusive report coming as an imprint
publishing:
‘Building an Intellectual Knowledge Society with
Ontology’
DESCRIPTION OF THE BUSINESS
To meet the current market demand for generic intelligent solutions
covering domain - specific solutions, EIS Ltd mainly concentrated on information
computing systems with encyclopedic intelligence and general knowledge, in
advocating the application of general-purpose knowledge processors
(integrating natural language applications) to human life, commerce and
industry. The basis for the effective functionality of the all-purpose
knowledge processing systems is the integrative dynamic scheme of real world
domains (the standard global ontology), which represents and reasons about
the world in key terms of entity classes, properties, and relationships. As a
result, the global ontology language provides both a standard syntax and
standard semantics for describing data, data properties, and data
relationships, thus enabling both syntactic and semantic interoperability of
diverse information about structures, states, processes, and interactions.
To this practical end, the Company has been focused on digesting,
systematizing, and encapsulating the world knowledge into a summary scheme so
that the skeletal frame of human learning can be integrated in the human
minds and reasoning computing systems as the Universal Standard Entity (or Reality) Classification
System (USECS) embracing upper level and domain ontologies,
WordNet-like lexical taxonomies as well as social
standard categorizations and economic classifications of businesses,
industries, products and services <
http://unstats.un.org/unsd/class/family/default.htm >. A follow-up commercial
application to the project is designed to be an all-knowing virtual robot, a
generic artificial-intelligence software
program with a question answering module and sense engine, designated as the
Virtual Aristotle, a digital artifact and computing application with deep
learning and understanding of complex entities, their behaviors and relationships.
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NEW LINES of ENCYCLOPEDIC KNOWLEDGE
PRODUCTS:
THE WORLD STOCK LIST OF THINGS WITH THEIR
MEANING LINES AND FUNDAMENTAL ACCOUNT
DOWNLOAD WHITE PAPER for your personal use only
Title: THE LANGUAGE OF THE WORLD OF THINGS
The
Rationales for the Universal Nomenclature of World Things and Knowledge Web
of Meanings
Adobe Acrobat 7.0 Document. Size: 104
KB
Please email us that you successfully transferred the PDF content
To open the file, download Adobe
Reader 7.0.
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THE WORLD KNOWLEDGE WORDBOOK
THE UNIVERSAL SCHEMA OF ENTITIES
THE WORLD KNOWLEDGE DIRECTORY TREE
THE WORLD STOCK (OR INVENTORY) OF THINGS
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To meet the unrelenting human thirst
for encyclopedic knowledge and intelligence, our company dedicated itself
to digesting, systematizing, and encapsulating the whole world knowledge
into a summary scheme retaining the most essential things, so that the
frame of human learning can be integrated in the human minds and computing
systems. A follow-up application to the project is projected to be the
ultimate question answering machine and sense engine designated as the
Virtual Aristotle, a digital artifact and computing application with
general knowledge and intelligence.
Committed to the large order but also great cause,
EIS Encyclopedic Intelligent Systems LTD (Dir. Azamat Abdoullaev) offers a rare opportunity to collect the WORLD KNOWLEDGE TREE fruits: the set of knowledge products as an
absolute must in the digesting of the WORLDS OF WORDS,
CONCEPTS AND THINGS and hence all the meaningful content on the World Wide
Web. While having the general title of ‘The World Knowledge Wordbook and
the Meaningful World Wide Web’, the content is distributed under the brand
names:
World Stock List
World Knowledge Directory (Tree);
Universal Scheme of Things;
World (Universal) Directory of Meanings;
Meaning Searcher, or the Sense Finder;
Human Knowledge Digest
The Human Learning Reference features the comprehensive hierarchy of
terms covering the whole world of entities and thus enabling the user with
a core set of meanings and senses. The World Knowledge Wordbook (or
Directory) ownership is equal to coming into the possession of the outlines
of human knowledge organized in the most rational way, by the natural order
of things, their kinds, classes, properties, and instances, or values.
Nowadays there are many special
services and applications offered at one’s fingertips, from banks to funny
AI agents. But hardly ever someone has been proposed to have the content of
Virtual Aristotle at his fingers’ ends. We give you first the chance to get
the most sought-after encyclopedic knowledge resource which affords:
WHAT CLASSES
OF THINGS CAN BE IN THE WORLD AND WHAT KINDS OF RELATIONSHIPS THE THINGS MAY HAVE TO
EACH OTHER;
ALL-EMBRACING HIERARCHICAL FRAMEWORK OF TERMS AND
MEANINGS;
DISCOVERYING WHAT IS BEHIND AND BEYOND ANY
SIGNIFICANT WORDS OR NOTIONS;
DEEPENING THE CONSCIOUSNESS (AWARENESS,
KNOWINGNESS, COGNIZANCE, UNDERSTANDING) OF REALITIES WITH THEIR
CONNECTIONS;
THE OUTLINES OF HUMAN KNOWLEDGE ABOUT THE WORLD,
COVERING VIRTUALLY ALL SUBJECT AREAS AND DOMAINS;
ONE OF THE RICHEST VOCABULARIES AND WIDEST
LEXICONS OF REAL WORLD ITEMS;
THE SENSE FINDER AND MEANING SEARCHER COMPLEMENT
FOR MEANINGFUL WEB SEARCH
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DOWNLOAD THE WORLD STOCK of ENTITIES, An
INVENTORY OF ALL THE MAJOR ITEMS IN THE UNIVERSE WITH THEIR MEANINGS,
FAMILY TREES, PROPERTIES INHERITANCE, RELATIVE STATUS, AND OTHER
RELATIONSHIPS
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DESCRIPTION AND FORMAT
Developed as the special line of
Virtual Aristotle’s deliverables, the World Knowledge Directory is offered as
a variety of knowledge products, all
are intended to give guidelines for the meaningful web search
scheme:
WORLD DIRECTORY TREE (KNOWLEDGE REFERENCE) + WEB DIRECTORIES (SEARCH
ENGINE INDEXES) = MEANINGFUL, SEMANTIC WEB
The Universal
Directory spread (dished out) as the system of independent but interrelated
products comprising a unified whole:
Human Knowledge Outlines
[supply the
SUBSTANCE AND ESSENCE of the whole of human knowledge; a digest (sketch, general
plan, skeleton, draft, summary) of essential knowledge giving the key
points, principal features, and main divisions of any significant subject
area, domain of interest, field of learning, as well as a general thing of
study and consideration (the size of 914 KB)];
The World Directory and the Meaningful Web [completes the Essentials and
Outlines of Knowledge with the World Catalog of Entities such as substances
and objects, states, changes and processes, and relationships, with the
standard formulas of defining the names of their classes, properties, and
instances, all attached with the Web Directories of Google, Yahoo!, and
Open Directory Project (Standard Version, the total size of 7.13 MB)];
The World Directory and Standard Ontology [completes the Outlines of Human
Knowledge with the World Catalog of Entities and the Web Directories;
furnished with a comprehensive account of entities and relationships and
the fundamentals of the Virtual Aristotle applications (Professional Version, the total size of
8.89 MB)];
Standard Ontology for Machines and People or How to
Build a Virtual Aristotle
[develops the standard model of reality, offers the rationales and
fundamentals of the Universal Schema of Entities and Virtual Aristotle
Machine (the size of 1.87 MB)]
The set of unique resources is
designed for those who desire to have a profound knowledge of things and
eager to learn deep links between such extremities as the architecture of
the world with its denizens and the architecture of network environments,
the Internet or the World Wide Web, with all their identities and
relationships. While searching and researching this source of mostly
valuable wealth, encyclopedic learning and intelligence, many will be
surprised to discover that whatever exists comes under the few primaries,
objects, states, processes, and relations, and thing and nothing. As much
as the psychological primary colors, red, yellow, green, blue, and white
and black, into which any color can be broken down.
The World Directory’s Schema or Skeleton is
fleshed out with the mostly established and recognized sources of human
learning and language such as the Great Ideas, Britannica’s Outline of
Knowledge and Knowledge in Depth, reclassified WordNet
2.1 lexical reference, and Roget’s thesaurus.
To be searchable, extensible,
and active content, the Universal Directory of Meanings is formatted using
the latest update to the Adobe Intelligent Document Platform, Adobe Acrobat
7.0 Professional. Among other features, the advanced desktop application
program supports the document reviewing and markup, indexing, composition
of data from multiple sources, web-enabled access to Yahoo! search engine,
file attachment, or attaching the relevant web documents to the original
content.
By applying the Search PDF
window, the Universal Directory Schema allows the user to find all the essential
meanings and senses making up the World Directory Knowledge Tree.
Crucially, the research, the quest for knowledge, can be continued by using
the Web search in all the relevant PDF documents on the Internet so that to
add new specific types and properties, like the Microsoft Windows Server
Active Directory. But, unlike the Active Directory Schema, the World
Directory’s root, its top node and fundamental base level, is made of the
universal class of thing or entity or being, presented by the primary kinds
of WORLD ENTITIES, all marked by specific types, properties, examples,
instances, or values. Due to such characteristics, when aligned with the
attached Web directories (Google Directory, Yahoo’s Directory, or Open
Directory Project), seeking to organize the Web content into a hierarchical
index of topics (the general) and subtopics (the specific), the World
Directory enables agents (cognitive and artificial) to perform the
knowledge-based surfing the Web and rational browsing the Internet.
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THE RATIONALE FOR THE WORLD KNOWLEDGE WORDBOOK AND
DIRECTORY
In the great enterprise of
knowing and learning, one of the hardest tasks has been to determine the
body of words in terms of which the language can effectively represent
reality, express the mental experiences, and communicate information.
Having such an all-embracing system of words to which one can refer for
standard definitions of significant terms has always been considered as the
most sought-after resource. But the main barrier to achieve the encyclopedic
inventory of senses consisted in the assumption to view the entire
macrocosm of knowledge as a single universe of discourse. That is, the
whole undertaking demanded the universal schema capable to represent
everything in a single hierarchical order of things, from fundamental,
domain-independent classes to domain-specific, particular individuals, as
in:
Thing, Entity, or Being
(Everything, the World, or the Universe) Anything Something Nothing (Nonentity, Nonexistence, Nonbeing)
So to benefit the uniform
catalog of things looks possible only if our accounting of reality affords
an exhaustive categorization of things, in every area of the universe, in
all spheres of existence, at all grades and levels of being. As a great
reward, within the unifying scheme of world entities, the major knowledge
and language resources (encyclopedias, lexical taxonomies, semantic
thesauri, web directories, search engine subject indices, upper ontologies, domain terminologies, languages, and
nomenclatures) will become integrated in a single consistent system of
terms. In order to approach the ideal, the encyclopedic source of meanings
should be constructed as addressing all significant information about
natural, mental, social, cultural, and virtual domains. To meet this heavy
requirement, the universal directory of all the basic names of world things
is proposed in the form of the world
knowledge wordbook (WKW). In its substance, such a general
nomenclature, terminology, or language of things is nothing but the digest
(epitome, compendium, outline, abstract, or synopsis) of human learning
covering all key domains of reality, subject areas, and fields of study.
Giving the systematized
description of general entities, with kinds and instances, by defining
their language, terms, names, and expressions, the WKW appears as an
essential tool in transforming the World Wide Web into the Meaningful Web of
words and constructions, an embodiment of human knowledge. Besides, providing the common language of
things, the WKW can be viewed as a complement to the ISO international
standards supplying the common reference frame and technological language
for particular things: materials, products, technologies, processes, and
services <http://www.iso.org/iso/en/aboutiso/introduction/index.html#two>.
The World Directory
Content (or Sense Finder) is to be published and distributed in a variety
of ways:
- Internet download
- Web site
- CD-ROM
- Email attachment
- In print
form
AUDIENCE
AND READERSHIP
With the scope and range of generality
and depth, the encyclopedic knowledge resources are addressing people of
different status and rank, social position and role: students and
scientists, programmers and engineers, intellectuals and laymen,
politicians and artists, presidents and housewives, managers and workers,
technologists and theoreticians. Its audience includes all who desire to
understand the world and its worlds of words from a single outlook of
reality, in one standard comprehensive way, within the unifying schema of
things. While having at his fingertips the universal directory of meanings
and definitions, the user can perform a meaningful searching for specific
information on requested words, phrases, subjects or topics, occurring in
the wider context of web pages. Thus the resource will encourage the user
to make his meanings and senses progress from specific definitions to
general, all-embracing understanding. The built-in feature of enlarging the
basic content and meaning of entity terms with specific facts and information
makes the WKW one of the core instruments in knowing and understanding the
universe and in building the meaning-based knowledge Web as the embodiment
of all human knowledge.
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